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The key assumption of most methods for handling missing data is that of Missing Completely at Random (MCAR), which essentially means that the observations that are missing are a simple random sample of all observations.
Because multivariable logistic regression excludes patients who do not have complete data for all variables in the model, we investigated two methods for handling missing data under both models: multiple imputation and replacing missing values with sex specific means.
Barnes et al.[ 10] investigate a range of methods for handling missing data in their trial and conclude that imputing missing data as smokers "can cause a large amount of bias if imputing smoking is an incorrect assumption".
Alternative methods for handling missing data such as multiple imputations will be used for missing outcome data.
To address missing data, we will control for potential variables related to missing data, as well as examine multiple imputation methods for handling missing data (expectation maximisation algorithm).
In this study, six of the most common and most frequently suggested methods for handling missing data were applied to simulated data sets where the underlying missing data mechanism was either MCAR, MAR or MNAR.
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A method for handling missing data points by summing over all possibilities for that random variable in the model.
Multiple imputation method for handling missing data was incorporated in these analyses.
Moreover, the effects of weight-loss method were independent of covariate adjustment and the method for handling missing data.
STROBE also states that the method for handling missing data should be detailed in the statistical methods.
There is no universally optimal method for handling missing data, since each dataset has unique characteristics [ 37].
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