Sentence examples for methods for divergence from inspiring English sources

Having implemented two methods for divergence control, we took the opportunity to compare the results of simulations using both methods.

Using a multilocus species tree method for divergence time estimates, we found that the plateau Nesticella cave spiders constituted a monophyletic clade that originated in the early Miocene.

The use of the relaxed-clock method for divergence time estimation [ 48] seems necessary in light of the heterogeneity of molecular evolutionary rates across lineages as seen by considerably longer and shorter branch lengths from the root to tips (Fig. 3).

Early methods for estimating divergence times from gene sequence data relied on the assumption of a molecular clock.

We present an approach for constructing finite-volume methods for flux-divergence forms to any order of accuracy defined as the image of a smooth mapping from a rectangular discretization of an abstract coordinate space.

We also find that the widely used method for estimating divergence times based on the assumption of correlated rates between ancestral and descendant lineages [12] [14] proved to be inadequate in approximating the process of grass chl evolution, and the assumption of independent rates [15] is more appropriate to studies of rate change over time.

Gu [ 36] describes a maximum likelihood method for detecting divergence points associated with gene duplication.

A penalized likelihood (PL) [ 71] method is used for divergence time reconstructing, with a truncated Newton (TN) algorithm for finding optima of the objective functions.

Hyperbolic and parabolic projections and responses are compared, together with different methods for avoiding magnetic divergence error.

Genetic population analysis is one of the most powerful methods for determining genetic divergence, population structure, and evolutionary history (Begg et al. 1999; Avise 2000; Pullin 2000; Bernatchez 2001) and provides information critical for conservation and management (Takagi et al. 2010, 2011).

Elimination of sites not under neutrality (fast evolving sites) by statistical methods for testing functional divergence after gene duplication [ 37].