Although there is no universally accepted method for causality assessment, the existing methods rely on algorithmic, probability-based, and expert analyses as well as on the quality of adverse reactions reports.
The applied Naranjo probability scale is not optimal to estimate the likelihood of PPI-induced CLE, but there is still no universally accepted method for causality assessment of adverse drug reactions.
The many methods proposed for causality assessment of adverse drug reaction (ADR) generally rely on algorithms.
The major and important limitation of the review concerns the heterogeneity observed across studies for the definitions of events (ADE, ADR) and for the methods used for causality, preventability and severity assessment.
In addition, further reasons may be the different time windows used across databases (only the Italian SRS strongly differed from the others and collects data since 1969), as well as peculiarities in drug selection, recording, mapping, detection and removal of duplicates, and methods used for causality assessment within each database.
By combining this notion with regression algorithms, and applying them to perform graphical modeling over the lagged temporal variables, effective methods for modeling causality involving many variables can be obtained.
Although medical genetics will no doubt continue to identify new causal variants with the same paradigm of case-control association used by GWASs, it is important to set our sights higher and develop new methods for assessing causality for mutations that have never been seen before.
Objective: This study is undertaken with the objective to scrutinize and offer a notion of commonly used as well as recently developed methods of causality assessment tools for the diagnosis of adverse drug reactions and discuss their pros and cons.
These items related to various aspects of causality, using the method for causal assessment developed by Roffey et al. [ 20- 24] and Wai et al. [ 25- 27], which in turn was based on relevant criteria for causality previously described by Bradford Hill [ 28].
38 Although, there is not a perfect method for assessing causality, by using the Naranjo algorithm, our study presented an almost perfect agreement in assigning causality of ADRs.
