Various techniques have been adopted to synthesize the nanoparticles such as ultra sonication, pretreatment steps in electro less plating, electrostatic assemble method, and bi-functional composite method.
Both ML method and BI method were employed for phylogenetic analyses, RB-Mb (gi:167523296), the RB family protein from M. brevicollis, was used as an outgroup.
The locations of S. purpuratus and S. fragilis were discordant between the MP method and BI and ML methods in the MA and M4 datasets.
The highest genetic distance characterized population reconstructed by cut-off method (3.874) followed by ShoRAH method (0.110) and bi-directional coverage method (0.065), whereas genetic diversities were similar for all populations (0.923, 0.998 and 0.984 for method I, II and III, resp).
Two phylogenetic methods (ML and BI) generated almost the same tree topology and thus only ML tree is shown, with the internal node supports from two methods.
In the taxon-exclusion tests, after removing the "problematic" species/clades, the unrooted "backbone trees" were almost identical irrespective of the used methods (uMP and BI).
When intron S7 was used, there were no differences between both phylogenetic methods (MP and BI); inclusion or exclusion of indels in the MP analyses gave the same topology.
The topologies obtained from both phylogenetic methods (ML and BI) were exactly the same, except regarding the specimen coded as DB311, which appears as sister taxon of Clades II and III in the BI analyses, and the clade clustering T. annularis and T. ephippiata, which is estimated to be the sister taxa of all other ingroup lineages using BI.
Nearly identical topologies were recovered using nucleotide data regardless of analytical method (ML and BI) or taxon set (exclusion of Selaginella spp. and/or gnetophytes) with two exceptions discussed below.
Figure 3a,b shows typical top-view and cross-sectional FESEM images of the bi-layer MWCNTs-In2O3 film; the MWCNTs were formed through spread method, and the bi-layer MWCNTs-In2O3 film was post-annealed at 400°C.
