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First, the interpretation of the results is limited by potential biases introduced by the retrospective analysis and the inherent methodological lack of a control group in this type of clinical scenario.
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Methodological inadequacies, lack of originality or focus on local issues could be reasons for rejecting such manuscripts if they were to be resubmitted.
These guidelines provide already some clear guidance as they confirm the existence of numerous paediatric conditions in different age groups (according to ICH E 11 [ 20]) but the methodological sections lack paediatric specificities.
I think, however, that the methodological rigour (lack of risk of bias) of each particular study should be the primary criterion by which to judge the reliability of produced evidence.
Many early studies had methodological problems, lacking a control group or double blind testing.
Many previous nonrandomized studies, however, have suffered from substantial methodological limitations, lacking adjustment for many potential confounders, active controls, incident-user designs, uniform follow-up, or intent-to-treat designs [ 10].
According to the bibliography reviewed, physiotherapy, which is the most common treatment applied in this case, has not been conclusively shown to be effective; sample sizes have been small and methodological rigor lacking from the papers published in this respect.
Overviews of reviews often lack methodological rigour.
In general, studies evaluating the economics of guideline implementation lack methodological rigor.
This approach aims to correct the methodological individualism and lack of context characteristic of traditional law and economics.
This can presumably be attributed to certain methodological shortcomings including lack of statistical power to detect small effect sizes.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com