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Meta-analysis was done to provide a meaningful summary whenever enough studies which were sufficiently similar with respect to the clinical and methodological characteristics were available.
General and methodological characteristics were stratified by trial design.
A sub sample of the previous papers was than selected and their methodological characteristics were evaluated based on a descriptive checklist.
Both biological and methodological characteristics were examined in an attempt to explain the possible causes of heterogeneity (i.e., the possible causes modifying the outcome) among the studies.
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Research themes and methodological characteristics are analysed in order to establish an evidence base in Arctic shipping literature.
Prevalence rates of depression stratified by clinical and methodological characteristics are displayed with forest plots in Figs. 3– 5.
Therefore, adequate reporting of clinical trials, especially the methodological characteristics, is crucial for readers to appraise their validity.
There is some evidence of ethnic variations in prevalence of personality disorder but methodological characteristics are likely to account for some of the variation.
The most relevant methodological characteristics are: case-control design; exposure measurement prior to disease onset, registered as codes for surgical procedures; matched 5 1, randomly chosen population controls and random sample of population controls.
This methodological characteristic is also one of the main advantages of LQAS, because when the interval between the two thresholds (also known as 'grey area') is wide enough, the classification errors will be low even with a very a small N (5, 6).
Each study was examined to identify the methodological characteristics that were followed in estimating CAP; these methodological aspects are summarized in Table 2. Finally, Table 3 summarizes in detail the estimated total societal costs and components.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com