Sentence examples for method variance and from inspiring English sources

Three waves of data were collected throughout an 8-month period to minimize potential common method variance and explore the causality among the variables (Podsakoff et al., 2003).

Specifically, shared method variance and perceptual bias may have inflated the phenotypic correlations between measures and using other/multiple informants may have resulted in different patterns of findings.

Limitations of widely used self-reports include common method variance and recall bias in studies with retrospective exposure data collection [ 22].

Although the use of aggregated data reduced problems related to common method variance and response bias, this ecological approach has a potential weakness.

However, if issues of reporter bias, shared method variance and perceptual bias affect MZ and DZ twins in similar ways then it seems unlikely that they would affect heritability estimates or estimates of genetic correlation between variables.

Given that this study employed multiple sources of report (parent report of psychopathic traits, teacher report of conduct and hyperactivity problems, and self-report of emotional reactivity) support for the above hypotheses cannot be attributed to shared method variance and is therefore a strength of the current study.

The EM variances are much lower for the entire structure than the conventional method variances, and they are generally much closer to the 'true' variances (Fig. 7).

We show how endogeneity – which includes omitted variables, omitted selection, simultaneity, common-method variance, and measurement error – renders estimates causally uninterpretable.

The independent variables were reversely rated to reduce any common method variance (Lindell and Whitney 2001).

Finally, all variables were self-reported and a reporting bias related to common method variance might have occurred and lead to an overestimate of the associations observed.

This study investigates the current status of controlling for common method variance in hospitality research and assists researchers in taking appropriate actions.