The CEDI was translated from English into Traditional Chinese with the permission of the EDI authors [ 4] using the back-translation method to translate and adapt the assessment instrument in a trans-cultural context [ 17].
We used this method to monitor translation of all cellular mRNAs upon ISR activation.
However, resulting ribosome profiles are reliable only for highly expressed genes, thus restricting the ability of the method to accurately measure translation efficiency of the remaining of the genes or to predict translation efficiency of newly engineered genes in similar cellular conditions.
In contrast, some methods use existing terminological resources to translate medical terminologies: in our previous work [ 7] we proposed a semantics-based method to assist the translation of SNOMED CT into French.
In this study, we have developed a new computational method to predict the translation rate by integrating various sequence-derived features and functional features.
DNA delivery into the mitochondrion has been attempted using liposome-based nanocarriers such as Mito-Porter (Yasuzaki et al., 2010) or a DQAsome transfection system (Lyrawati et al., 2011), delivery of cytosolic tRNAs into mitochondria as a method to aid mitochondrial translation (Mahata et al., 2006) and using restriction enzymes to specifically degrade mutant mtDNA (Tanaka et al., 2002).
This group, which consists of eight researchers and one principle investigator, used empirical - experimental research methods to investigate translation competence and how it is acquired.
In the past 20 years or so, the first author, together with collaborators, has explored methods to construct translation network approximations with a priori performance guarantees which avoid each of the pitfalls mentioned above.
It is not clear whether different cell lines, cell synchronization protocols or methods to evaluate translation efficiency (ribosome vs. polysome profiling) account for the observed differences.
The basis for this approach is rooted in the use of antisense drugs as methods to inhibit translation of mRNA [ 22].
