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iBLUP is a genotype imputation method that imputes missing genotypes using identity-by-descent and linkage disequilibrium information.
An imputation method that imputes genotypes for all animals in the pedigree for all SNP provides an alternative framework for single-stage genomic evaluations that avoids these problems.
Although likely missing at random, missing data were imputed using an iterative method that imputes multiple variables by using chained equations, a sequence of univariate imputation methods with fully conditional specification of prediction equations [ 63].
To overcome this problem, we propose a method that imputes causal relationships by borrowing information from other knocked-out genes.
We also evaluated the adjusted rank correlation (Begg and Mazumdar 1994) and regression asymmetry tests (Egger et al. 1997) as well as a nonparametric "trim-and-fill" method that imputes hypothetically missing results due to publication bias (Duval and Tweedie 2000).
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Because such an access is required by all genotype imputation methods, it is helpful to develop methods that impute summary statistics without going through the interim step of imputing genotypes.
Using methods that imputed changes in medical expenditures from changes in utilization, the evaluations of Bank of America and CalPERS programs for seniors reported ROIs of approximately $5.00 to $1.00.
This stresses the need for an imputation method that can impute genotypes that have not been observed in the sample.
The average gains in prediction accuracy varied greatly across traits and imputation methods, and in some cases methods that use imputed genotypes or inferred haplotypes were outperformed by methods based on called genotypes only.
The allele frequency method is a stochastic approach that imputes a categorical genotype (0, 1, or 2 copies of the minor allele), based on the frequency of all genotypes observed at the same locus, across all families.
Another approach would be to apply a "majority method" that selects only variables that were retained in all imputed data sets.
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