Concentrations of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn by the method of dry ashing and digesting in HCl 2M, and finally were determined via using atomic absorption spectrometry model AA-670G method (Chapman and Pratt 1961).
It is hoped it will help methods of mapping ash concentration to identify where it is safe to fly in eruptions.
This study was conducted to develop an alternative method of utilizing fly ash as an alternative stabilizer to build affordable earth masonry units named "mud concrete blocks".
Like PSHA, this quantitative method of estimating volcanic ash hazard has the advantage of providing consistent estimates of hazard and can be prepared for one site or many, all in the same region but in significantly different geographic orientations with respect to potential hazard sources (McGuire 1995, 2008).
These characteristics were obtained according to Standard EN 14774 – Determination of moisture content – oven dry method; Standard EN 14775, – Determination of ash content; Standard EN 14918, - Determination of calorific value.
The present paper explores various factors responsible for the optimum replacement level of sugarcane biomass ash in the concrete such as growing conditions of sugarcane crop (including regions), combustion conditions and cooling duration of sugarcane biomass ash, ash collection methods, and grinding conditions of ash.
Finally, petrurgic method of a mixture of bottom ash and fly ash at 950 °C represents a simple, inexpensive, and energy saving method compared with the conventional heat treatment.
Proximate composition of samples was carried out using the AOAC Official Methods of Analysis [ 16], with analysis of moisture (method 925.04), ash (method 938.08), fat (method 954.02), crude fibre (method 985.29) and protein (method 981.10).
Silica was extracted from maize husk ash and maize stem ash, adapting the method of Kamath and Proctor (1998), 250 mL portions of 1 N NaOH were added to 50 g of the ash samples and boiled in covered 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask for 1 h with constant stirring.
At present, the decarbonization method of high carbon content CFB fly ash is mainly fly ash recirculation combustion (FARC).
