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The other feature is that the iterative scheme in the DA method is substituted with a compensation factor so that time-consuming iterations are reduced and the convergence problems caused by the small tolerance of surface deflection are avoided.
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Fairness would dictate that competing methods be substituted in FPKM estimation, or that a separate interface be written to the Cufflinks bias correction method both comparisons requiring significant effort.
As shown in Table 14, it excludes/includes just one driver ("method can be split" is substituted by "problem with hierarchy").
JRCA could serve as tier-two method, if the global reference level is substituted by individual national or regional deforestation potential assessments.
The paper describes the development of this technique by recalling the scattered light method, then describing its automation by scanning a collimated beam across the glass thickness and finally by showing that the scan method can be substituted by the light sheet method.
In order to infer the user's needs, the method can be substituted by any other one capable to do so.
Accordingly, staining methods are substitutes, since no staining can prove viability.
Thus, SOM determined by the simple and quick loss on ignition method (LOI) can be substituted for SOC determined by the time-consuming and expensive Walkley-Black method (WB).
To maintain the fidelity of the analysis, those positions that did not pass the quality threshold using the methods described above were substituted with the 'unknown' character and not considered in the subsequent analysis.
The model is based on a fast semi-deterministic approach utilising the modified Ray-Launching method, where electromagnetic waves are substituted by a high number (an infinite number in an ideal case) of plane waves represented by their directional vectors/rays.
For the other normalization methods investigated, the missing values were substituted with 0.5*DL, which is a common practice to handle data below DL [ 26, 27].
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