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A constant boundary element method (BEM) which satisfies the continuity equation for the current density, i.e. divergence-free BEM, and was originally proposed by Lemdiasov and Ludwig [A stream function method for gradient coil design.
A rigorous numerical approximation for the calculation the magnetic energy, which reduces the errors induced by employing the approach of Lemdiasov and Ludwig [A stream function method for gradient coil design. Concepts Magn Reson B Magn Reson Eng 2005 26B 67 80], is also proposed.
We implement Newton's method for gradient ascent search for the local maximum as the objective function is not jointly concave with respect to,, and μ.
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This work proposes an improved method for gradient-based topology optimization in a discrete setting of design variables.
It is necessary to develop exact sensitivity analysis method instead of the difference methods for gradient-based algorithms.
Based on the good agreement between column results and projections based on the gradient curve, we propose this as a preferred method for designing gradient surfactant flushing systems.
Although simple, the method for the gradient establishment in EDR has the following problems.
Using the fluorospheres and following the method for density gradient measurements, the accuracy and precision of the density measurement were studied.
Here, we restrict the measurement of tonotopic gradients to the region identified as core by the pattern classification procedure, and we use an automated, and thus objective, method for assessing gradient orientations.
A method for computing gradients is the so-called costate method.
The second simulation experiment was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of sequence signature methods for analyzing gradient variation of microbial communities.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com