This activation method could be a cost-effective approach to enhance the adsorption capacity, applicability and selectivity of natural clay materials, making them as promising and low cost adsorbents for wastewater treatment.
By eliminating duplication, throughput of this method could be doubled, and cost per sample halved.
By calculating the stability of the liquid phase at low temperatures, this method could be a useful and cost-effective tool for the design of bulk metallic glasses.
The energy cost of walking assessed by a breath to breath method could be expensive involving machines with high costs and not easy to use; conversely, the physiological cost index is easy to use and of low cost.
Based on its low operational cost, the electrocoagulation method could be recommended instead of the conventional one.
Moreover, by properly designing a quadric cost function, our method could be extended to good sub-pixel accuracy with a simple quadratic polynomial interpolation.
This method could be used to rapidly and cost-effectively detect useful genes in unsequenced plants.
Therefore, the developed method could be easily used for rapid and low-cost authentication of herbal products.
The prediction method could be used for new coal evaluation, blend design and cost control.
Using "willingness to pay" (WTP) of 60,000 euros, some of the theoretical models used in the study suggested that the methods could be cost-effective (Strom et al. 2008).
