The density profile for the first approach is demonstrated in Figure 8. Figure 8 Density profile for ramp metering approach (ALINEA 1).
Occupancy rates are measured with a time interval of 20 s since one of the ramp metering approach and all the variable speed limit approaches have the cycle time of 20 s.
The best results are obtained for total travel time in the ramp metering approach whose cycle time is equal to 15 s and minimum green time to 5 s.
The second dynamic ramp metering approach, ALINEA 2, accomplished to reduce the average delay time per vehicle by 29%, average number of stops by 21%, average stopped delay per vehicle by 35%, total delay time by 30%, number of stops by 22%, total stopped delay by 35%, and total travel time by 18%.
The first dynamic ramp metering approach, ALINEA 1, managed to decrease the average delay time per vehicle by 32%, average number of stops by 21%, average stopped delay per vehicle by 34%, total delay time by 32%, number of stops by 21%, total stopped delay by 34%, and total travel time by 20%.
Their ability to take power off the grid, store it, and then release it later creates "potential problems for current tariff, billing and metering approaches," notes the EPRI in a recent report.
However, it is obvious that communication technologies are increasingly advancing and the effects of communication on traffic control performance are considered as a future work besides the investigation of coordinative dynamic ramp metering approaches, dynamic lane closure, or various variable speed limit approaches.
We were nowhere near our destination and the meter was approaching $66.
Mrs. Martell, the store manager, said she could not count the times she had been ringing up a sale when a customer, who might have a wallet in one hand and a child or two hanging off the other, would still somehow spot a dreaded meter maid approaching.
To quantify the territorial behavior of the birds upon STI, 4 behavioral endpoints were recorded: number of full songs (a characteristic territorial vocalization), number of flights, closest approach (meters; m) to the decoy, and time spent within 5-m of the decoy.
