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Thermal ablation by radiofrequency (RF) has become a widely used technique for treatment of hepatic metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [ 1– 3].
Local therapy control rate for the follow up to 6 months was 38 and 71% for the group of metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively.
During the hepatic arterial dominant phase haemangiomas, metastases and hepatocellular carcinomas show heterogeneous enhancement, while adenomas and focal nodular hyperplasia are enhanced uniformly.
In one recent study, benign solid hepatic lesions, such as focal nodular hyperplasia and adenomas, were found to have similar ADC values compared with malignant disease, such as metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma.
DW-MRI is a promising technique for the response of liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and local palliative treatment, particularly at early treatment time points when significant changes in tumour size have not yet occurred[ 33 38].
The literature is categorized by anatomical site: head and neck cancer, breast cancer, primary lung cancer, liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinoma, osteosarcoma and soft tissue sarcoma, uterine cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, and metastases imaged using DW whole-body MRI.
Similar(53)
Ichikawa et al. were successfully able to discriminate between liver metastases, haemangiomata and hepatocellular carcinoma on the basis of characteristic morphological signal intensity changes on echo-planar imaging[ 12].
Differentiation between metastases and benign hepatocellular lesions (e.g. focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH)) is achieved with high accuracy (Fig. 1).
Indications for liver-specific contrast agents include preoperative evaluation of liver metastases and characterisation of hepatocellular lesions (FNH, adenoma), whereas non-specific gadolinium chelates are used for characterisation of haemangiomas, after liver resection or tumour ablation.
We identified the diseases in the Charlson Comorbidity Index using ICD-8 and ICD-10 diagnosis codes [ 17], excluding mild and severe liver disease, CRC, CRC metastases, secondary liver cancers, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Tumour recurrence and metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy are the major obstacles of long-term survival.
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metastases and superior
metastases and massive
metastases and degenerative
metastases and tumour
metastases and immunomodulatory
metastases and malignant
metastases and large
metastases and pathological
metastases and friable
metastases and extramedullary
metastases and primary
metastases and multiple
metastases and hepatic
metastases and high
metastases and normal
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