Composites, exhibiting high toughness, specific strength and stiffness and good wear resistance can be obtained by combining the metallic properties such as good ductility and toughness of the matrix with properties such as high strength, hardness and elastic modulus of the ceramic reinforcement.
Davy observed that of the forty chemical elements known at the time, twenty-six had metallic properties such as lustre, ductility and high electrical and thermal conductivity.
As it has liquid property which is continuously deformable as well as metallic property such as high thermal and electrical conductivity, it can be applied to various applications such as radio frequency (RF) MEMS switch [46], electro-wetting on dielectrics (EWOD) [47],[48], tunable and flexible antennas [49], frequency selective surfaces (FSS) [50], and heat transfer [51] among others.
In particular, the Hall measurement on 4-h UV-irradiated a-IGZO film revealed its metallic electrical properties such as the carrier concentration at 1.6 × 1013 cm-2, resistivity at 4.6 × 10-3 Ω∙cm, and Hall mobility at 14.6 cm2/Vs at room temperature.
Over the past few decades, bismuth (Bi) and its alloys have been regarded as the most interesting TE material applications at room temperature [4 6] because Bi is semi-metallic with unique electronic properties such as an extremely small carrier effective mass, low carrier density, high carrier mobility, long carrier mean free path, and a highly anisotropic Fermi surface [7].
Various properties, such as metallic distribution, nanosize of active component, textural structure and acidity, must be considered first.
Metallic nanoparticles have unique optical properties such as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, which can be used to improve the energy absorption and photocatalytic properties of semiconductor bases.
Two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal organometallic framework (HOMF) made of triphenyl-metal molecules bridged by metal atoms has been recently shown to exhibit exotic electronic properties, such as half-metallic and topological insulating states.
The transition-metal dichalcogenides (including disulfide and diselenium) showed a wide variety of interesting physical properties, such as semiconducting, metallic, superconducting, and magnetic behavior [1 7].
Zr-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) possess excellent unique properties, such as high mechanical properties, good corrosion resistance, long-term antimicrobial ability, and were considered as an ideal candidate for medical tools.
In general, heavy metals comprise elements that exhibit metallic properties and mainly include the transition metals, metalloids, lanthanides and actinides.
