Sentence examples for metal substrates such from inspiring English sources

A strong visible light is radiated by TIP on the metal substrates such as Au, Ag, and Cu.

For example, large-area graphene or few-layer graphene films on metal substrates such as Ni and Cu by CVD technology [21, 22] have been reported.

In analogy to corrosion processes on common metal substrates such as steel, the studtite layer effectively passivates the underlying uranium oxide layer against subsequent dissolution.

One-step methods to grow ZnO nanostructures on metal substrates such as Zn foil have been also reported [24, 25], given advantage of an easier fabrication (no seeds employed) and lower resistance of substrates.

In SERS, dyes are adsorbed onto nanosized metal substrates such as silver colloids, and this provides greatly enhanced Raman signals and fluorescence quencing, thus allowing for the ultrasensitive detection of trace amounts of analytes [3].

Copper strike baths are extensively used in metal plating industry as they present the ability to plate adherent copper layers on less-noble metal substrates such as steel and zinc die castings.

One is that used a textured metal substrate such as RABiTS™ type.

Different hydrocarbons such as methane, ethylene, acetylene, and benzene were decomposed on various transition-metal substrates such as Ni, Cu, Co, Au, and Ru [31].

In this connection, it is of interest to note that the oxidation scale consists of the epitaxial oxides of RO + R3O4 + R2O3 or RO + R3O4 (where R represents metal cations) coexisting with a metal alloy substrate such as aluminized coatings on Ni-based superalloys [[44]].

Non-metallic substrates, such as plastics or oxides, need to be activated before electroless metal deposition.

In the present work, ad hoc synthesized tetra-legged pyrene derivatives (TBP) were designed to weakly interact with transition metal substrates and such that their effective ionization potential is smaller than the substrate work function but very close to it.