Sentence examples for messengers in response from inspiring English sources

Additionally, mitochondria modulate Ca2+ homeostasis and are a source of various metabolites, including reactive oxygen species, that have the potential to function as second messengers in response to apoptotic stimuli.

In addition to NF-κB, we explored whether the activation of other Mφ intracellular messengers in response to sHZ is also TLR-independent.

These enable real-time monitoring of these second messengers in response to a variety of stimuli.

However, the focus upon ectocellular mammalian ARCs (CD38 and CD157) has led to confusion as to how extracellular enzymes generate intracellular messengers in response to stimuli.

The parental DU145 cell line showed an increase in both CoQ levels and COQ7 messenger in response to CPT.

The GGDEF family protein displays three conserved domains: a dinucleotide cyclase and a phosphodiesterase domain, involved in regulating the intracellular level of cyclic dinucleotide diguanylate, a second messenger, in response to ligands detected by the PAS domain [25].

Gluconeogenesis induced by food deprivation involves cAMP as the main intracellular second messenger in response to hormonal stimuli.

Hormones are the messengers dispatched in response to environmental cues, such as day length and phase of the moon, which set in motion appropriate behaviours, such as courtship.

In many cells, Ca2+ elevations result from the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ stores by Ca2+ mobilizing messengers produced in response to extracellular cues [1].

Phytohormones such as SA, JA and ethylene act as endogenous messengers in plant response to biotic and abiotic stress [ 59].

Cytokines are important molecular messengers in the response of soft tissue to acute injury and wound healing, and are typically tightly regulated since the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines into the extracellular matrix whether during the acute or chronic phases of inflammation can stimulate local and systemic immune reactions.