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Alexander Litvinenko solved his own murder; Theresa May merely foresaw her own embarrassment.
It's difficult to say whether Lorde initiated a sea change or merely foresaw one, but the pop scene — particularly for women — has altered radically since "Pure Heroine" was released.
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To intend harm is worse than to merely foresee harm as a result of one's action.
The basic idea is that there is a morally relevant distinction between intended versus merely foreseen outcomes.
While there is some debate on the correct specification of the Doctrine, the basic idea is that it is worse to intend harm than to merely foresee it.
Some opponents of the principle of double effect do indeed deny that the distinction between intended and merely foreseen consequences has any moral significance.
Recall that the most plausible formulations of double effect would require agents to seek to minimize or avoid the merely foreseen harms that they cause as side effects.
These independent considerations are not derived from the distinction between intended and merely foreseen consequences and do not depend on it (Davis (1984), McIntyre (2001)).
The suggestion that judgments of moral permissibility may influence us in describing a harmful result as merely foreseen contest the explanatory value of the principle of double effect.
If the bad outcome is a means to the good end, then it is intended (as a means), and is not merely foreseen.
This can sometimes be combined with a kind of absolutism to hold that intended harms are forbidden whereas the merely foreseen may not be.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com