Vaccination or saline injection was given after the PET scan immediately before memory testing; this was done to minimize an already long testing day.
While awareness of the words was only assessed indirectly in this study, through a subsequent memory test, this demonstrates how signals in the visual cortex are dramatically modulated by task performance (here, a very attentionally demanding task).
And they had the tendency to perseverate on verbal memory tests: In this case, to come up with the same answer again and again, cross it out, and try again, which is a sign that the creative mind isn't doing so well.
Finally, performance on the implicit and explicit memory tests in this study was statistically independent.
Also, individual differences in self-rated memory do not correlate well with objective memory tests- this may imply that people's beliefs about their memory are inaccurate [ 39].
Second, the three working memory tests used in this study were not matched for psychometric characteristics or task difficulty.
Second, the memory test in this experiment was administered during the same day as the learning phase.
Consistent with previous studies on verbal memory, carriers of the met-allele numerically revealed a reduced overall performance (sum of five direct recalls) in the verbal learning memory test, but this did not turn out to be statistically significant in the ANCOVA (F 2, 98) = 0.30, P = 0.74, effect size: f < 0.1).
Roediger, H. L. & Karpicke, J. D. Test-enhanced learning: taking memory tests improves long-term memory.
In this sample, both verbal and nonverbal memory tests scores further declined in subsequent years.
Cognitive scientists use this period, with patients' consent, to give memory tests and take recordings.
