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Verbal memory tests included the WMS-R subtest logical memory (immediate and delayed recall of stories).
Randt Short Story Memory Test 18 : assesses discourse memory (immediate and delayed) and oral language comprehension.
However, most neurocognitive tasks investigating reward processing involve a complex mix of elements, such as working memory, immediate and delayed rewards, and risk-taking.
The subtests within the SCIP quantify working memory, immediate and delayed verbal list learning, verbal fluency, and psychomotor speed, all of which may be impaired in schizophrenia or bipolar disorders [ 3, 19- 22].
The MMSE consists of tests of orientation (in time and place), memory (immediate and short-term), calculation, language (naming, repetition, listening and reading comprehension, writing), visual spatial awareness, concentration and attention, and is suitable for detecting more severe cognitive dysfunction.
Patients with high ptau/Aβ1-42 ratioshoweded poorer post-shunt improvement mainly on tests of memory (immediate and delayed word list recall) and visuospatial function (clock copy --cognitive domains that are typicopy --cognitiven patients with AD.
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In the present study, only the association with IQ score, logical memory (immediate, delayed and total), verbal fluency and Raven's matrices were analyzed as these variables were the most comparable to the variables analyzed in the NCNG sample.
The domain memory was divided into four subdomains: working memory, immediate memory and learning rate, forgetting rate, and incidental memory (the amount of information that can be memorized if one was not explicitly asked to remember something) (14).
There were no differences observed between the type 1 diabetes group and control subjects with WMS-IV subtests of auditory memory, immediate memory, and delayed memory (P = 0.825, P = 0.757, and P = 0.368, respectively).
Specifically, the SART Correct Response, Verbal Fluency, and WCST Category were ascribed to "Executive Functions"; the Logical Memory Immediate Recall and Logical Memory Delayed Recall were ascribed to "Verbal Memory"; and the Visual Reproduction Immediate Recall and Visual Reproduction Delayed Recall were ascribed to "Visual Memory".
Specifically, Logical Memory Immediate Recall and Logical Memory Delayed Recall were indices of "Verbal Memory"; and the Visual Reproduction Immediate Recall and Visual Reproduction Delayed Recall were indices of "Visual Memory"; the number of correct passed and the number of longest passed items described the "Working Memory".
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