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"Older people have preserved emotional reactivity, but they are better able to control those emotions, and this control influences their memory for negative information".
Complicating this view, the aforementioned split-night study that found superior picture-location memory for negative vs. neutral items across late REM-rich sleep observed the opposite pattern (i.e., a benefit for neutral items) across early NREM-rich sleep32.
Post hoc tests indicated that the change in contextual memory for negative items in the sleep group was significantly different from that for neutral items in the same group (paired t(45) = 2.4, P = 0.02), and from that for negative items in the wake group (independent t 69) = 3.2, P = 0.002).
ATD selectively enhanced memory for negative distractors relative to neutral distractors and increased activation in response to the negative distractors in the left orbital-inferior frontal, dorsomedial prefrontal and bilateral angular gyri.
Our findings are the first to demonstrate a causal role of the right DLPFC in working memory for negative, withdrawal-related words and provide further support for a hemispheric lateralization of emotion processing.
However, participants in the stress group showed a rather high memory for negative control traits compared to positive control traits.
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In the control group we found better memory retention for negative impressions compared to positive impressions.
Here, it is important to note that previous psychological literature has established that depressed patients generally have a memory bias for negative material.
St Jacques, P., Dolcos, F. & Cabeza, R. Effects of aging on functional connectivity of the amygdala for subsequent memory of negative pictures: a network analysis of fMRI data.
St Jacques, PL; Dolcos, F; Cabeza, R, Effects of aging on functional connectivity of the amygdala for subsequent memory of negative pictures: a network analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data., Psychological Science, vol. 20 no. 1 (January, 2009), pp. 74-84, [abs] [abs].
The results contrast with similar research, which has previously observed improved memory for only negative items.
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