Furthermore, there was a strong inverse relationship between the offline emotional memory benefit and REM latency (R = –0.64, P < 0.03); indicating that the faster subjects entered REM sleep (shorter latency to REM), the greater the emotional memory advantage.
To further examine the relationship between the emotional memory benefit and our experimental REM-sleep hypothesis, sleep-stage values were correlated with the offline difference in emotional recognition memory ([4 h retention 15 min retention]; that is, the values represented in Fig. 2 B, filled bar) in the Nap group.
As demonstrated in Figure 4, and in accordance with our hypothesis, there was a significant positive relationship between the offline emotional memory benefit and the amount of REM sleep obtained across subjects, both REMpercentt (R = 0.63, P < 0.03) and REM minutes (R = 0.52, P < 0.05).
Herbal medicines of intellective and memory benefits were mentioned in some geography literature such as Shan Hai Jing and some medical literature like Ben Cao Gang Mu (Compendium of Materia Medica).
Recent studies converge on the conclusion that procedural and emotional forms of memory benefit from both REM and NREM sleep, while episodic memory benefits only from NREM sleep [4], [26] [28].
Along similar lines, Wammes, Meade, and Fernandes (2016) demonstrated that generating drawings can provide memory benefits beyond what could otherwise be explained by visual imagery, picture superiority, and other memory enhancing effects.
These results indicate enhanced utilization of the highly plastic pool of new neurons born around the time of an acute stressor and suggest that stress-stimulated proliferation may support later memory benefits.
Therefore, the assessment is insensitive to any memory benefits of the intervention. .
Therefore, the assessment is insensitive to any memory benefits of the intervention.
In experiment 3, we tested whether the retrograde memory benefits of exercise-induced physiological arousal generalized to paired associations with non-social, abstract shapes.
