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From a cell biology perspective, this type of exposure would directly impact the plasma membrane, which consists of a myriad of complex lipids and proteins.
The operation of amperometric biosensor for glutamate determination is based on the enzymatic reaction (1) in a bioselective membrane, which consists in the glutamate oxidation and the formation of electrochemically active hydrogen peroxide.
The membrane at the bottom side acts as an active membrane which consists of ultrathin metal electrode on it's both sides, whereas top membrane acts as a passive membrane.
The sandwiched membrane which consists of the sulfonated holey graphene oxide paper with the deposition of the sulfonated poly ether ether ketone) (SPEEK/SHGO/SPEEK) membrane on its both sides has been prepared.
The basement membrane, which consists of laminin, fibronectin, collagens, and proteoglycans [8], [9], separates adjacent tissues, acting as a barrier to the passage of macromolecules and cell migration.
TOMM40 is a component of the preprotein translocase complex of the outer mitochondrial membrane, which consists of at least 7 different proteins (TOMM5, TOMM6, TOMM7, TOMM20, TOMM22, TOMM40, and TOMM70).
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In contrast, minimal membrane property changes were observed upon AA1 binding for liposomes mimicking mammalian cell membranes, which consist of neutral lipids and cholesterol.
Composite ceramic membranes which consist of α-Al2O3 as support layer and γ-Al2O3 as intermediate layer are used as substrate.
We have designed a membrane 'staple', which consists of membrane-anchored repeats of the trans-aggregating FM domain that face the lumen of the secretory pathway.
To overcome these issues, a 3D membrane microfilter which consists of two-layer membrane was proposed by Zheng et al. [ 11].
Classically, β-adrenergic and muscarinic modulation of SAN pacemaker activity is explained by cAMP and PKA-dependent acceleration or deceleration of the "membrane clock", which consists of time- and voltage-dependent ion channels located in the plasma membrane of SAN cells [ 26].
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