All of these iron uptake pathways involve an outer membrane receptor, a periplasmic binding protein (PBP), and an inner membrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter.
The uptake pathways of OCPs were not significantly different between these two cultivation methods.
The kinetic expressions for the glycerol uptake pathways have been proposed [152].
The role of lipid rafts in membrane trafficking involves the constant remodelling of the plasma membrane through membrane uptake and balanced exocytosis of intracellular membranes.
Somehow, this activates massive membrane uptake, and of course, Na/K ATPase as an abundant membrane protein is lost.
Then, the AMPs insert and translocate to the outer bilayer to bind the anionic inner membrane by a self-promoted uptake pathway (Hancock 2001; Mangoni et al. 2004).
The selective mechanism of entry of cationic photosensitizers in bacteria is still poorly understood, but positively charged photosensitizers seem to move across the outer membrane via a self-promoted uptake pathway, in a mechanism involving interaction between divalent cations of the compound with adjacent bacterial lipopolysaccharide [24].
There are two different pathways that allow iron uptake from the environment: the reductive iron-uptake pathway mediated by Fet3p, a multicopper oxidase, and Ftr1p, an iron permease localized on the plasma membrane; and the siderophore-mediated uptake pathway.
It has been suggested that a basic mechanism of resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains is that the outer membrane protein OprH blocks the self-promoted uptake pathway of polymyxins by replacing Mg2+ on the LPS molecule.
In H. parasuis, the periplasmic iron transport system FbpABC together with the transferrin outer membrane receptor complex TbpAB may form another iron uptake pathway, which is used by Neisseria species to transport ferric iron into the cell [83].
