Process performance was investigated under different operating parameters, such as feed temperatures, feed flow velocities and salt concentrations reaching 120 g/L, and different membrane characteristics, such as membrane material, thickness, pore size and support layer, using a locally designed and fabricated AGMD module and spacer.
Theoretically, fibre length and diameter, as well as membrane material, membrane thickness, surface area, pore size and pore density all may influence solute sieving and convective transport [ 37, 38].
In addition, the pure water permeation flux was improved by 17 times with an increase in the ICFR up to 13 ml/min, while the BSA rejection was changed from 93.4 to 90.4 as the ICFR increased from 2.6 and 9 ml/min as a result of high pore density, reduced membrane thickness, and small pore size.
As with all membranes, the hydraulic permeability of a membrane varies with thickness, pore size distribution, and pore density.
Contact angle, droplet diameter, interfacial tension, membrane thickness, shear rate, pore diameter and trans-membrane pressure are system variables.
The membrane thickness, volume porosity and pore diameters appeared to be quite different from the values specified by the manufacturer that are obviously referring to a microfiltration application.
PC membranes containing nanopore (pore diameter 50 nm, pore density six pores per μm2, membrane thickness 6 to 11 μm) arrays were purchased from Whatman, Inc. (Shanghai, China), and hydrophilic treatments were carried out before usage.
This optical property is analysed as a function of several parameters (i.e. hard anodization voltage, pore diameter, membrane thickness, annealing temperature and acid electrolyte).
These properties are studied as a function of several fabrication parameters (i.e. anodization voltage, pore diameter, membrane thickness, annealing temperature and acid electrolyte).
The effect of surface roughness (or surface pore size), membrane thickness, and structural parameter (S value) on the membrane fouling was investigated.
