The cell invasion, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, cell cycle arrest, cellular uptake, comet assay and wound healing were studied under a fluorescent microscope.
In parallel, following exposure of cells to GOT and irradiation, a marked decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, cell viability, activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as increased malondialdehyde production were observed.
In parallel, following exposure of cells to WSFD and irradiation, a marked decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, cell viability, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), as well as increased malondialdehyde (MDA) production were observed.
Using flow cytometry, we examined the intracellular responses reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell size and complexity, and cell cycle profiles in U-937 human macrophages treated with positively charged catanionic vesicles.
Here we examined the intracellular responses reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, mitochondria membrane potential, cell size and complexity, and cell cycle profiles in U-937 human macrophages treated with poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers generation 2 (DAB 2.0) and 3 (DAB 3.0).
Membrane potential, cell size and cell viability were evaluated using a flow cytometer (Guava EasyCyte Plus, Millipore).
To determine mitochondrial membrane potential, cells were incubated with 20 nM 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide and propidium iodide for 30 min at 37°C and analyzed immediately by flow cytometry.
To measure mitochondrial membrane potential, cells were treated with etoposide and stained with JC-1 which accumulates as aggregates in mitochondria of high membrane potential (red, detected in FL2) and exists as monomer in cytoplasm (green, detected in FL1) [33].
To dissipate mitochondrial membrane potential, cells were treated with the protonophore FCCP.
To confirm the increase in mitochondrial membrane potential, cells were also stained with tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM), which is a specific indicator of membrane potential.
To monitor mitochondrial membrane potential, cells were incubated for 20mins in medium containing 40nM of the mitochondrial stain TMRE (Molecular Probes).
