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Membrane potential arises from a proton gradient established across the mitochondrial inner membrane which drives ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation.
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This probe indirectly allows the quantitative assessment of the binding of fibrinogen to erythrocytes, based on the changes on the cell membrane potential arising from the fibrinogen binding.
Intracellular CLC's are thought to facilitate acidification of endosomal and lysosomal compartments by dissipating the lumen-positive membrane potential that arises from the electrogenic H+-transport by the V-type H+-ATPase [12].
Differently current rectifying in semiconductor diodes via diffusion of ionic charges across a pn junction sets up a built in potential; there is unidirectional current is observed across a membrane where a built in potential arises from diffusion of anions and cations in organic junctions [9].
The mitochondrial content of otherwise similar cells can vary substantially in size and membrane potential, with differences arising from sources including uneven partitioning at cell divisions, leading to extrinsic differences in ATP levels and downstream cellular processes.
A Hopf bifurcation represents destabilization of the 'resting' state: repetitive spiking occurs when Istim exceeds I*, membrane potential oscillations (MPOs) arise in the presence of noise when Istim approaches I*, and bursting occurs when adaptation Iadapt causes Istim− Iadapt to sweep back and forth across I*.
In this paper a one-dimensional stochastic differential equation model driven by a Wiener process for the membrane potential has been considered, which arises as an approximation to Stein's model [46], leading to the OU model, or to the extended model including reversal potentials, proposed by Tuckwell [41], leading to the Feller model [42].
The shift of the EACh toward a negative membrane potential following ionic modification might arise from a selection among them, due to differential sensitivity to the ionic composition.
In short, the likely source of significantly increased membrane potential and ATP production in the TER cells arises from the substantial increase in healthy, orthodox configuration mitochondria with high metabolic capacity.
Abnormal impulse generation that may be responsible for induction of TdP arrhythmias may arise from oscillations in the membrane potential and has been characterized as a "triggered" rhythm (26).
It seems likely that the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, neuronal cell death in the substantia nigra, arise from an increased sensitivity of dopaminergic neurons to diminished mitochondrial membrane potential (Corti et al., 2011; Federico et al., 2012).
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