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Cardiopulmonary bypass was carried out in normothermia, with the use of a roller pump (Cobe Cardiovascular, Inc., Arvada, Colorado USA), with pulsatile flow rate of 2.4 l/min/m2 and a membrane oxygenator (Affinity™ NT 541; Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA).
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The ECMO circuit consisted of a centrifugal pump console (Bio-Console560; Medtronic, New York, NY, USA) with a hollow-fiber membrane oxygenator (Affinity-NTTM; Medtronic).
Venous blood is led to a membrane oxygenator and then oxygenated blood returned to the arterial circulation of the victim.
Our experimental study showed that pumpless arteriovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenator slightly improved oxygenation in an animal model of severe acute lung injury.
Anticoagulation is widely used for preventing membrane oxygenator thrombosis during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy while anti-platelets are rarely used, especially in patients with thrombocytopenia [ 1].
In 1968, Kolobow et al. developed the first membrane oxygenator for long-term extracorporeal oxygenation [ 5].
ECLS was initially developed in the 1950s by John Gibbon as a means of oxygenating blood via a membrane oxygenator during prolonged operations on cardiopulmonary bypass [ 2].
His membrane oxygenator, which provided a way to add oxygen to blood as it passed through a machine, is still used in heart-lung machines during open-heart surgery.
The veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuit, which comprises a centrifugal pump and a membrane oxygenator, provides complete cardiopulmonary support.
It was saturated with a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide (95 : 5) using a membrane oxygenator with a simultaneous temperature adjustment to 37°C.
The most seriously affected newborns are treated for several days with an extracorporeal membrane oxygenator, which does the work of the lungs by oxygenating the blood and removing carbon dioxide.
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