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These mutations cause an abnormal accumulation of Notch3 in the cytoplasmic membrane of vascular smooth muscle cells both in cerebral and extracerebral vessels, which appear as granular osmiophilic deposits on electron microscopy [4].
CD34 antibody staining was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and membrane of vascular endothelial cells in tumor stroma (Fig. 1d).
CD34 expression in the cytoplasm and membrane of vascular epithelial cells was selected for the microvessel density (MVD) counting, although it was occasionally localised in tumour cells and fibroblasts.
Cromakalim was reported to be an ATP-sensitive K+ channel opener [ 21], which may increase outflux of K+ and hyperpolarize the membrane of vascular smooth muscle cells and cause decrease of systolic pressure.
Levosimendan has a vasodilatory effect via opening of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in the plasma membrane of vascular smooth muscle cells, and also activates myocardial mitochondrial KATP (m-KATP) channels and exerts PreC effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury [ 13].
Using flow cytometric analysis we were able to demonstrate that CTA 157-2 stanned antigengen present on the cell membrane of vascular resident endothelial progenitor cells (VR-EPCs), which were previously thoroughly characterized by our group [ 18]).
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We next measured the membrane potential of vascular SMCs in aortic preparations, and its variation after the addition of low concentrations of KCl to the extracellular bath [12].
The resting membrane potential of vascular smooth muscle ranges from -30 mV to -60 mV.
Ancillary to these factors are the choices of predilution or postdilution, of haemodialyser (surface, membrane) and of vascular access.
For this purpose, a contraction was induced by 5 μM 5-HT, which acts through the activation of membrane receptors of vascular smooth muscle.
The membrane potential of vascular smooth muscle is controlled by a number of ion transporters and channels, particularly K+ channels.
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