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Second, the metallic gold ions were adsorbed onto the outer membrane of cell, and the formation of Au@NPs at the surface was triggered.
The progressive red-shift of compound 1 indicated that it can experience the hydrophilic and hydrophobic environment owing to the rigid structure, thus it can more easily cross the double membrane of cell than compounds 2 and 3.
To evaluate its blood brain barrier (BBB) transcytosis and toxicity against the BBB endothelial tight junction, we have explored a method of coculture with brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) on the top of micro-porous membrane of cell culture insert and astrocytes on the bottom side.
CD74 was expressed predominantly in the membrane of cell soma and dot-like in the processes of microglial cells, whereas CD11b labelled strongly all processes of microglial cells.
Surface labeling further showed that there was a corresponding increase of β1 integrin at the plasma membrane of cell protrusions after mDpy-30 knockdown (Fig. 5B), suggesting that internalized β1 integrin likely recycled to the surface via the local recycling compartments at the protrusions.
The PD-L1 IHC assay detected PD-L1 protein localized in the plasma membrane of cell types known to express the PD-L1 antigen such as immune cells and cells of epithelial origin (Supplemental Table 1, Supplemental Digital Content 3, http://links.lww.com/AIMM/A94).lww.com/AIMM/A94
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The receptor is a protein embedded in the membrane of cells.
The gene's role is to specify a kind of protein known as a receptor; embedded in the membrane of cells, the receptor waits to be activated by the worm's equivalent of insulin and then transmits the hormone's message to the cell's metabolic machinery.
These results suggested that the membrane of cells and virus envelopes were changed by electrical stimulation.
Bones in the body are sheathed in a thin membrane of cells called the periosteum.
Trypan blue was utilized to quench the fluorescence of nanoparticles adsorbed onto the exterior membrane of cells.
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