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While the presence of nutrients is not directly detrimental to the membrane, it acts as a source of nutrition for microorganisms aiding their metabolic activities and growth.
When TG2 is present at the plasma membrane, it acts as a G-protein and participates in α1-adrenergic signaling [ 4].
Although the role of hemoglobin in maintaining the shape of the cell is rather secondary we believe that via direct binding to membrane it acts as an important probe of membrane/cytoskeleton interaction.
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Like GABA, glycine acts by increasing Cl− conductance at the postsynaptic membrane, although it acts at a clearly different receptor.
The ChR2 protein embeds itself in an ON bipolar cell's outer membrane, where it acts as a light-gated channel.
It is acknowledged that water is the prominent component in the proton exchange membrane because it acts as a proton conductor in which the adsorbed water facilitates proton transport [39]. Figure 9 presents the results of water uptake and methanol uptake of the SA/SGO membrane with varying SGO wt% values.
AP2 localizes to the cytosol when cells are in an un-stimulated state, thus AP2 should translocate onto the plasma membrane before it acts as an adaptor linking EGFR to the endocytic machinery [15].
Tir, which is one of the EPEC translocated proteins, is inserted into the host cell membrane, where it acts as a receptor to intimin (8 ).
One possibility is that the interaction with AP1 allows BST2 that is internalized from the cell surface to recycle to the plasma membrane, where it acts to trap nascent virions.
This protein plays a critical role at the plasma membrane where it acts as an essential physical linker between the cadherin-β-catenin complex and the actin cytoskeleton (Desai et al., 2013).
Tir is the best-studied EPEC effector and is inserted into the host plasma membrane where it acts as a receptor for Intimin, mediating intimate bacterial attachment to the host cell (Kenny et al., 1997).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com