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How catalysis works within the viscous, water-excluding, two-dimensional membrane is unknown.
The autophagosome is formed by expansion of the phagophore, but the origin of the membrane is unknown.
The mechanism by which the patch is revealed to browse the target membrane is unknown.
Exactly how ESAT-6 induces Ca2+ movement across the cell membrane is unknown but previously others have suggested that it forms membrane pores.
The precise mechanism by which the proteins, following transit through the secretion needle, are inserted in the inclusion membrane is unknown.
The extent of what passes through the membrane is unknown; another method may be useful for detection of larger biomolecules such as nucleotide leakage (Osman and Ingram 1985).
Similar(51)
Numerous studies of the anti-HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein 41 (gp41) broadly neutralizing antibody 4E10 suggest that 4E10 also interacts with membrane lipids, but the antibody regions contacting lipids and its orientation with respect to the viral membrane are unknown.
The mechanisms of DPP4 release from the cell membrane are unknown and involve enzymes not yet identified.
The mechanism and proteins required for trafficking of PfEMP1 through the parasitophorous vacuole membrane into Maurer's clefts and to the erythrocyte membrane are unknown.
Indeed, when the Cell Theory was formulated 175 years ago in the XIXth century, the reality of the membrane was unknown.
However, the mechanism behind this activity and the parts of the YidC protein that interact with the ribosome and plasma membrane are unknown.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com