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The Na+/K+ ATPase responsible for Na+ re-absorption in the plasma membrane is characterised and is upregulated during the period of shell calcification [ 18].
In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), synovial membrane is characterised by T-cell infiltrates including both CD4 and CD8 subsets that occupy distinct domains within the tissue [ 1, 2].
Photoreceptor's membrane is characterised by a unique composition of lipids, predominantly containing PUFAs, with the most abundant representative being docosahexanoic acid (DHA) (22 6 ω3), exclusively of dietary origin.
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The membrane was characterised using different methods including liquid nitrogen physisorption (Quantachrome instrument 2013) and scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss EVO LS10 SEM).
The membrane was characterised by physicochemical, electrical and transport measurements, and the effect of the dendrimer was established by comparing these results with those obtained for the original cellulosic support.
The light absorption profile of chlorophyll-based green membranes is characterised by a broad gap in the middle of the visible wavelength range.
The H3PO4-doped membranes were characterised in terms of thermal and chemical stability, proton conductivity and fuel cell performances.
These membranes were characterised with respect to the pore structure and the distribution of the active metals.
The architectures of individual layers in multi-layer membranes are characterised, revealing anisotropy in porosity, tortuosity factor and mean pore size of the three types of separator.
Firstly, the membranes are characterised with regard to their properties: wetting critical surface tension, expanding hole diameter, orifice coefficients, flexibility, critical and elastic pressures.
The cleaned membranes were characterised using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), pure water flux measurement, contact angle, protein retention and tensile testing.
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