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Tic22, a second member of the inner membrane import complex, has poorly characterized function.
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CL was also shown to be involved in the biogenesis of mitochondria outer membrane protein import complexes [ 104].
In the presence of a translocating chain, the outer membrane import machinery (MOM complex) and the inner membrane import machinery (MIM complex) form translocation contact sites as a part of the membrane preprotein import machinery [ 43].
The mitochondrial import complex (TOM for Translocase of the Outer Membrane and TIM for Translocase of the Inner Membrane) is extensively conserved in eukaryotes and typically contains 13 TIM and seven TOM subunits [ 38].
Four of these polypeptides are components of the outer membrane import machinery and are associated with early import intermediates.
The protein component of this RNP is the RNA Import Complex (RIC), a multisubunit complex that induces RNA import into mitochondria (Adhya, 2008).
Tom40 and Sam50/Tob55 are crucial components of protein import complexes, namely the TOM complex (translocase of the mitochondrial outer membrane) and the SAM/TOB complex (sorting and assembly machinery/topogenesis of the mitochondrial outer membrane β-barrel proteins), respectively (Dolezal et al. 2006; Bohnert et al. 2007; Neupert and Herrmann 2007; Becker et al. 2008; Walther et al. 2009).
Particularly interesting is the excellent suggestion by Gould and Collins (2002) who proposed that receptor and matrix proteins may form large complexes (pre-import complex) prior to the membrane translocation step.
After mitochondrial import by the outer membrane (TOM complex), PRELI-like domains dock onto TRIAP1/Mdm35 and are stabilised.
The import of proteins including protein kinase B (AKT) [ 7], protein kinase C (PKC) [ 8], and connexin 43 [ 9] into the mitochondria to promote cardioprotection requires heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) for cellular import by the translocase of mitochondrial membrane (TOM) complex.
Tom40 is required for the import of mitochondrial precursor proteins into mitochondria, as it forms the import pore of the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) complex [ 5, 6].
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