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The chimeric peptide offers the advantage of targeting two gp41 regions simultaneously: the fusion peptide and the loop both of which are membrane active and participate in the membrane fusion process.
Recently, atomic structures, together with biochemical and biophysical studies, have provided major insights into how these two viral glycoproteins successfully interact with host receptors on cellular membranes and initiate the membrane fusion process to gain entry into cells.
Determination of the fusion (F) glycoprotein structure folded in either the prefusion or the postfusion conformation was an inspiring breakthrough not only to understand the structural changes associated with the membrane fusion process but additionally to appreciate the antigenic intricacies of the F protein.
Paramyxovirus entry into cells requires fusion of the viral and cell membranes mediated by one of the major virus glycoproteins, the fusion (F) glycoprotein which transits from a metastable pre-fusion conformation to a highly stable post-fusion structure during the membrane fusion process.
However, the exact conformations that manifest in the membrane fusion process are still not clear.
When the membrane fusion process initiates, gp120 interacts with CD4 molecule on the surface of target cells with a high affinity, which facilitates a series of conformational changes.
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Weidberg H, Shpilka T, Shvets E, Abada A, Shimron F, Elazar Z. LC3 and GATE-16 N termini mediate membrane fusion processes required for autophagosome biogenesis.
Membrane fusion processes are mediated and regulated by a growing family of soluble and integral membrane proteins termed fusion proteins.
Diverse membrane fusion processes occur in cells through a common set of steps: membrane tethering, docking, and fusion (Brocker et al., 2010; Li and Chin, 2003).
Notably, the tendency of ether lipids to form non-lamellar inverted hexagonal structures in model membranes suggests that they have a role in facilitating membrane fusion processes.
In further support of the notion that ether lipids facilitate membrane fusion processes, ether lipid deficiency disrupts the integrity of the blood-testis barrier by affecting the sorting, endocytosis, and recycling of tight junction proteins (Komljenovic et al., 2009).
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membrane fusion processes
membrane fusion regulation
membrane trafficking process
membrane tubulation process
membrane scission process
membrane fabrication process
membrane transport process
membrane recognition process
membrane removal process
membrane fusion key
membrane separation process
membrane fusion event
membrane fusion glycoprotein
membrane fusion mechanism
membrane resealing process
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