However, because triggering of the viral membrane fusion pathway is dependent upon endosomal factors such as CatL/B, NPC1, and low pH, a model whereby neutralizing antibodies function by blocking fusion-associated conformational changes would necessitate the antibody GP complex survives with some reasonable lifetime in the endosome.
SNARE proteins belong to a large protein superfamily in yeast and mammalian cells and complexes of SNAREs on opposing membranes were differentially required for membrane fusion within the secretory pathway [ 60, 61].
SNARE proteins control the membrane fusion events of membrane trafficking pathways.
We use continuum mechanics to calculate an entire least energy pathway of membrane fusion, from stalk formation, to pore creation, and through fusion pore enlargement.
Rab proteins are small GTPases that confer specificity to membrane fusion events in the endosomal pathway.
These data hint toward the independence of the intra-acrosomal calcium release arm from the membrane fusion machinery arm of the pathway as long as the latter is halted at or after the PTP1BD181A-sensitive step.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01879.002 Membrane fusion on the exocytic and endocytic pathways underlies cell growth, hormone secretion, neurotransmission, and certain nutrient and pathogen uptake (Wickner and Schekman, 2008).
The formation of large many-SNARE adhesion domains may lie on the pathway to large membrane fusion (Fig. 1F).
After ligand-induced endocytosis, cargo proteins carried in budding vesicles can be delivered from donor membranes to acceptor subcellular organelles through fusion pathways, by which RTKs and their cognate ligands are internalized into cytoplasmic vesicles and sequentially removed from the cell surface [ 97, 98].
Published: September 4, 2008 Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) are type II transmembrane proteins that drive membrane fusion events on the secretory and endocytic pathways (Chen and Scheller, 2001).
