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In peripheral sensitization, the threshold for activation is reduced and membrane excitability increases 27.
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In vitro patch clamping experiments found that BNP suppressed the membrane excitability through increasing the open probability of the BKca currents.
Increased membrane excitability as a result of vasopressin acting to close KATP channels could increase the risk of arrhythmia.
Acute cocaine also induced membrane hyperpolarization, but concomitantly increased membrane excitability of MSNs from master mice, as evidenced by increased Rin, decreased current required to induce firing and hyperpolarized AP Thr.
The resulting increase in interstitial K+ might counterbalance the K+ leak permeability and increase membrane excitability.
Mutations that decrease or increase membrane excitability are known to trigger neurodegeneration to varying degrees in Drosophila [40].
This silencing will lead to increased membrane excitability.
Moreover, sensory nerves are equipped with cytokine receptors (e.g., IL-1β or TNF-α receptors) that increase membrane excitability by intracellular MAP kinases signaling.
Overexpression of D2R in the striatum not only produces increased D1 receptor activation in the prefrontal cortex and deficits in working memory, a task correlated to prefrontal activity, but also decreases dendritic arborization while increasing membrane excitability.
The authors speculate that this observation mirrors sudden cardiac arrhythmia events, which are referred to an increased membrane excitability that results from a vasopressin-related blockade of cardiomyocyte ATP-dependent potassium (KATP) channels.
In full accordance with these findings, in vivo recordings from antennal-lobe neurons of the same species showed that exogenously applied serotonin alters responses to afferent input by increasing membrane excitability, resistance, and duration of action potentials (Kloppenburg and Hildebrand, 1995).
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