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In contrast, the subsequent membrane depolarization remained unaffected [Control: 10.50 ± 2.10 mV (n = 4); GPR55 over-expressing cells: 12.16 ± 2.20 mv (n = 6)].
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The mechanisms underlying the NE-elicited membrane depolarization remain undefined.
In Fig. 5B a small depolarization remained undetected.
Among them, 154 (77%) displayed a reversible membrane depolarization while the remaining 46 had no responses.
The Gln-mediated response appeared to comprise two components: an electrogenic pathway generating action potentials and calcium influx, proposed to be driven by Na+-dependent amino acid uptake by SLC38A2 (SNATA2 and2), and a second amplifying pathway acting downstream or independent of membrane depolarization, the nature of which remained unclear.
Both resveratrol and NAC reduced the level of mitochondrial membrane depolarization caused by IL-1β but levels still remained below control values.
Notably, LPI failed to trigger membrane depolarization in the absence of Na+, indicating that the remaining membrane depolarization upon LPI relies on Na+.
Mutant β-cells remain fully capable of insulin secretion after challenge with arginine or global membrane depolarization with exogenous KCl in vitro, excluding a general deficit in the basic secretory machinery.
Thus, mutant β-cells remain fully capable of insulin secretion after challenge with arginine in vivo or by global membrane depolarization by exogenous KCl in vitro.
In mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm (PND) preparations, L. annulata venom induced a progressive muscle membrane depolarization [from −85.9 ± 1.6 mV (t0) to −72.2 ± 2.9 mV (t120), p < 0.05, n = 4); the postsynaptic receptors remained functional as shown by carbachol-induced depolarization.
However, the EFS-induced SMD remained unchanged in tissues preincubated with nicardipine (Fig. 3D), suggesting that opening of L-type Ca2+ channels is not required for the membrane depolarization.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com