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Moment of inertia of longitudinal reinforcing steel bars taken about centroidal axis of member cross section.
Using a higher strength reinforcing steel could provide various benefits to the concrete construction industry by reducing member cross sections and reinforcement quantities, which would lead to savings in materials, shipping, and placement costs.
The period is a function of the stiffness of the structure (assuming the mass of the building is kept constant) which in turn depends on the amount of reinforcing steel and concrete in the member cross sections and hence changes as member strengths are adjusted to achieve the intended seismic performance goals.
Have each key team member cross training his or her understudy too.
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This short communication presents a series of general geometric properties of unusually-shaped member cross-sections.
The fire endurance at similar load ratios increases with an increase of member cross-section size and concrete cover thickness.
Analytical formulations defining the sensitivity of nodal displacements to modifications in member cross-section sizes are derived.
The classification trees are then used to efficiently generate candidate member cross-section prototypes for subsequent refined local optimization.
Thirdly, sensitivity analysis of the time-varying global displacements is performed with respect to the design variables that are the structural member cross-sectional areas.
Design variables are the member cross-sectional areas and the redundant forces evaluated for each independent loading condition acting on the structure.
Cold-formed steel member cross-section shapes are difficult to optimize because of the nonlinear behavior of such members under buckling loads.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com