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For the GAPDH gene, the above procedure was identical except for annealing temperatures of 51°C and 61°C during the PCR and melting steps, respectively.
The PCR and melting steps occur consecutively in a closed tube.
After the PCR and melting steps, samples were loaded on 2% agarose gels to check whether amplifications were specific.
The cycling conditions were 1 cycle of denaturation at 95°C/3 min, followed by 40 three-segment cycles of amplification (95°C/30 sec, 58°C/30 sec, 72°C/20 sec) where the fluorescence was automatically measured during elongation and melting steps (80 cycles of 30 sec with a temperature range from 55 to 96°C).
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b Micromolding melting step.
Although the amplification reaction of NASBA is isothermal, a single melting step prior to the amplification reaction is required to allow annealing of the primers to the target, which is not required in LAMP [35, 36].
Two stages of decomposition are the key step of pyrolysis since they took up half or more of the reaction time; melting step consumed another half of reaction time in experiments when raw materials were heated up from ambient temperatures; and coke-like deposition appeared as a result of decomposition completion.
For the melting step, the temperature was raised from 75°C to 97°C with a ramp rate of 0.02°C/s and 25 acquisitions/°C.
Samples were subjected to a melting step of 95°C for 10 min followed by 40 cycles of 15 s at 95°C and 1 min at 60°C.
A melting step was then performed with continuous fluorescence acquisition starting at 60°C with a rate of 1°C/5 s up to 99°C to determine the amplification specificity.
After the thermocycling reaction the melting step was performed with slow heating, starting at 55°C and with a rate of 0.5°C per 10 s, up to 95°C, with continuous measurement of fluorescence, allowing detection of possible non-specific products.
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