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We propose yet another model for the formation of the SiO2- and MgO-rich cratonic peridotites, based on our melting experiments of the pyrolitic lherzolite + H2O system.
In order to construct a plagioclase phenocryst hygrometer optimized for arc basalt magmas, we have conducted high-pressure melting experiments of relatively primitive basalt from the Miyakejima volcano, a frontal-arc volcano in the Izu arc.
In this section, we determine the major element compositions of near-solidus melts formed at 1, 3, and 7 GPa based on high-pressure melting experiments of primitive peridotite.
We report the melting experiments of hydrous pyrolite with multiple components and compare the chemical trends of the residues obtained in these experiments with those of natural cratonic peridotites.
Based on the melting experiments of the pyrolite-H2O system at high pressure, we demonstrate the possibility that the Si- and Mg-rich cratonic peridotites originated as simple melting residues under hydrous conditions at depths of approximately 100 to 200 km.
We performed melting experiments of hydrous pyrolite at pressures from 3 to 8 GPa and temperatures from 1,100°C to 1,800°C to identify the origin of chemical variation in cratonic garnet peridotites with high contents of magnesian orthopyroxene.
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On the basis of optical melting experiments on a series of three- and four-way multibranch loops, it was suggested that eq 22 is a better approximation (13): Here avg asym is the average asymmetry, which reflects the distribution of unpaired nucleotides in the loop, as defined by In eq 22, Δ G°strain is a penalty for three-way multibranch loops with zero or one unpaired nucleotide.
By applying the results of melting experiments on hydrous basalts, the higher- and lower-Al/Si trends were reproduced by upper crustal crystallization differentiation of H2O-saturated magmas in approximately 4-km-deep magma chamber (moderately hydrous melts with approximately 3 wt.% H2O) and near the surface (nearly degassed melts), respectively.
Two series of hydrous melting experiments on island arc low-K tholeiites were conducted by Hamada and Fujii (20072008).
In their second series of experiments, Hamada and Fujii (2007) conducted hydrous melting experiments on two drilling core samples of volcanic rocks from the Izu-Oshima volabeledlaseled as MA43 and MA44 (MgO approximately 5 wt.%; Additional file 2: Table S2), to constrain the origin of Ca-rich plagioclase.
Results of the hydrous melting experiments on IAT60, described in Section 'Hydrous melting experiments on island arc low-K tholeiite magmas', show that the two endmember trends were derived from crystallization differentiation under different H2O conditions and at different depths.
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