Brifely, the purified chloroplasts were mixed with an equal volume of low melting point agarose, which was dissolved in rinse buffer containing 20 mM EDTA, and 90 µl of the mixture was added into every pole of the mould (Bio-Rad, Richmond, Calif), then solidified at 4°C.
As the micro-nano coatings consist of micron-sized and nano-sized WC with large specific surface area and high activity, a considerable portion of nano-sized WC was dissolved into melted CoCr alloy.
ERY (100 mg) was dissolved in melted lipid phase, and this solution was then dissolved in 20 mL of ethanol : acetone (1 : 1) mixture.
Due to rapid surface heating and melting, part of the Al precoating was dissolved into the substrate surface, forming a saturated surface alloy layer.
Ultra pure low melting temperature agarose (AquaPor LM, National Diagnostics, GA) was dissolved in water at 65 C and combined with brain homogenate to form agarose plug controls.
ERY (50 mg) was dissolved in 100 mg melted lipid (GMS) and this solution was then dissolved in 20 mL of ethanol : acetone mixture (1 : 1).
Briefly, 1.5 g CoQ10 powder was melted at 60°C, and 1 g surfactant was dissolved in 57.5 g glycerol aqueous solution (43.5%, w/w) at the same temperature.
Gold was dissolved in aqua regia and mixed with the batch, which was then melted, formed, and subsequently reheated to "strike" the precipitation of the ruby-red colour.
PFGE grade agarose (Bio-Rad Laboratories Cat. No. 162 0137) was dissolved in 0.5 × TBE, to a final concentration of 1 %, melted and equilibrated at 60 °C before casting the gel.
