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"melancholic state" is a correct and usable phrase in written English
It can be used to describe a feelings of sadness or depression. For example: After the death of her mother, Sarah entered a melancholic state and found it difficult to get out of bed in the morning.
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The ancient Greeks believed it resulted from an imbalance in the body's four humours: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile (from the Greek word melas or "dark" and kholé, meaning "bile"), with too much of the latter resulting in a melancholic state of mind.
That album's breadth of theme and mood still impresses, chronicling the crack epidemic to sunsplash gonzo-reggae on Pray to the Junkiemaker, recounting further tales from a broken home on the gleefully nutty ska of Housework, and delivering a melancholic state of the ghetto address on So Many Millions, which could've fit on Curtis Mayfield's Ain't No Place Like America Today.
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Peptidase deficiencies have been found in depression and melancholic states [ 15- 19].
Many of us have slipped into states of melancholic depression for one reason or another, for one unreason or another one cannot always nail the object that has been lost or causes pain.
His songs at the time reflected his state of mind – melancholic and aggressive, with tortured, complex lyrics – and his performance persona became increasingly outrageous as he took to the stage dripping in feathers and spray-painted silver.
Larger patient groups and other types of MDD should be investigated before we can conclude that indeed the changes in the plasma neuroactive amino acids and NO are trait-, rathan than state-, marker for melancholic MDD.
Significantly lower levels of Asp, Gly and GABA, and significantly higher levels of NO, which endured after 2 months of fluoxetine treatment, were observed in these patients, indicating that they might serve as a trait-marker, rather than a state-marker, for melancholic MDD.
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Leonhard's subphenotypes of monopolar depression are characterized by distinct affective syndromes recurring in each episode with identical symptoms, whereas essential criteria for manic-depression are remitting course and bipolarity with a melancholic or manic basic syndrome, presence of mixed states or unipolar partial states with instability of mood.
The essential criteria are bipolarity with a melancholic or manic basic syndrome, or presence of mixed states or partial states with lability of the affect in a unipolar course with complete remission after each episode.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com