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The glucose concentration of the feed solution was 15 g/L in Schatzmann medium with trace elements and vitamin solutions.
marxianus biomass assuming Y X/S = 0.36 g/g (as observed at aerobic cultivation in DW basic medium with trace elements [11]).
High cell densities were obtained by step-wise adaptation of E. coli to M9 medium in addition to supplementing the medium with trace elements that facilitated growth of E. coli.
Burkholderia xenovorans LB400 was cultivated at 30°C in mineral M9 medium with trace solution and glucose (5 mM) [31], 3-HPA (5 mM) or 4-HPA (5 mM) as the sole carbon and energy source.
Naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene (all ≤99% purity), and mineral basal medium with trace metals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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To test isobutanol tolerance bacterial strains were inoculated at an OD600nm of 0.01 in M9 liquid medium supplemented with trace elements as described above, yeast extract (5 g l−1), glucose (36 g l−1) and isobutanol (0 10 g l−1).
Production of selenomethionine (SeMet -substituted HiSeMet -substituted1 (DE3)-RIL cells was carried out in M9 minimal medium supplemented with trace metals and vitamins (van den Ent and Lowe, 2000).
(B ) β -Galactosidase activity from SBUG844_P terA : lacZ in AMM -N G100Gln50 medium with 1% trAMM -N G100Gln50plemedium with 20 µM of specific trace elements: FeSO4, ZnSO4, CuSO4, MnCl2, Na2MoO4, CoCl2, or H3BO3.
DW medium with 2 mL/L trace-element solution was supplemented with (NH4 2SO4 or Na2SO4 (white symbols = 0.4 g/L Na2SO4; grey symbols = 1 g/L (NH4 2SO4; black symbols = 2 g/L (NH4 2SO4); the cultivation occurred in an 1-L stirred reactor at 1,200 rpm, 32°C, and aeration with 50 L/h; the pH was controlled to ≥5 with 2 M NH4OH; the given growth rates were derived from measured CO2 data.
DW medium with 2 mL/L trace-element solution was supplemented with (NH4 2SO4 or urea plus Na2SO4 (white symbols = 10 g/L (NH4 2SO4; grey symbols = 5 g/L urea and 0.4 g/L Na2SO4); the cultivation occurred in an 1-L stirred reactor at 1,200 rpm, 32°C, and aeration with 50 L/h; the pH was controlled to ≥5 with 2 M KOH; the given growth rate was derived from measured CO2 data.
Vitamins and trace elements (10 mL L 1 each; Supporting Information) were added after autoclaving and flushing the headspace of the hot medium with N2 (to remove trace oxygen).
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