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In order to initiate the maturation phase, the cytokinins and auxin in the liquid GD medium were substituted with 20 μM abscisic acid (ABA, Sigma-Aldrich) and 3.75% polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG, Sigma-Aldrich).
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When another medium is substituted, as in boards painted to look like stone, the result looks fake.
When indicated, the 2% glucose of the defined medium was substituted by glycerol (in fact, 2% glycerol and 0.2% glucose).
At these time points, culture medium was substituted by RHB-A: Neurobasal: B27 (1∶1∶0.02) medium supplemented either with 0.01% DMSO (control) or with 3 nM LY411575 (in 0.01% DMSO).
On day 2 (d2), the serum containing medium was substituted with serum replacement medium (KO) and this resulted in initial proliferation and a gradual switching to differentiation.
The next day, the medium was substituted with DMEM/F12 containing 0.1% FBS with or without siRNA to render the cells quiescent.
The medium was substituted with Knockout-DMEM (Kon on d2 that contained all the additives and Knockout serum replacement (Invitrogen) in place of FBS and was supplemented with (KR) or without 100 nM all-trans retinoic acid (RA).
After 1 h incubation, the medium was substituted with ordinary growth medium.
Culture medium was substituted twice a week and cells were harvested after reaching 70 80% confluence.
After 15 min, the incubation medium was substituted for the same solution containing collagenase only.
The medium was substituted by fresh DMEM, 10% FBS (3 ml).
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