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To mechanistically interrogate RIBE responses and to gain novel insights into RIBE specifically in hSC compartment, both medium transfer and cell co-culture bystander protocols were employed.
We and others reported that the RIBE in human adult differentiated somatic cells can be readily observed both with medium transfer and cell co-culture protocols [5], [13], [14].
Rapid calcium fluxes (within 30 s), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increases in reactive oxygen species (from 6 h after medium transfer), an increase in the number of apoptotic cells (48 hours after medium transfer) and a marked reduction in clonogenic survival (after 9 days) were observed.
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We employed both medium-transfer and cell co-culture approaches to study the RIBE in two types of hSC, that is, hESC and hMSC.
To address these goals, a medium transfer approach was adopted, and normal AL cells and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA -depleted AL cells were used as mtDNA -depletedlls, whereAL AG1522 cells were used as the medium receptor cells.
Pre-treatment of cervical cancer cells with MG132, a proteasomal inhibitor, facilitates MMC-mediated bystander killing in co-culture and condition medium transfer experiments.
Whole dishes of confluent cells were exposed to 5 Gy ultrasoft X-rays and the medium transferred to dishes of nonirradiated confluent cells, 3 and 15 min postirradiation.
The worms were washed off the plates using screen medium, transferred to two separate beakers, and re-suspended at a density of 1 2 worm/µl in screen medium.
After three hours of incubation, the snips were removed, medium transferred into sterile test tubes and the mff recovered by centrifugation at 1,500 rpm.
Briefly, when human ADSCs reached approximately 80 90% confluence, they were carefully aspirated off the basal growth medium, transferred to osteogenic differentiation medium, and cells were refed every 3 days.
Water also acts as a moderant by providing a medium for heat transfer and removing excess heat by evaporation.
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