Multiple controlled trials conducted in the United States addressed short or medium term effects of HRA and showed positive effects on health behaviour and uptake of preventative care in older persons, provided HRA was combined with a system of personal reinforcement (supplemental counselling by a physician, health educator, or other health professional) [ 3].
Recommendation: The report recommends that there should be a follow-up study on the 699 LEAP households to understand the medium term effects of the program.
This is the first randomized controlled trial investigating the short-medium term effects of NET treatment on individuals with primary hypothyroidism.
Thus, the short- to medium-term effects of biochar on tailing geochemistry are normally through physical modification of tailing environment, like water-holding capacity and adsorption capacity [20].
Table 3 compares selected estimates of the short and medium-term effects of BS on mortality from Table 2 with estimated long-term effects in the same cohorts, obtained from proportional hazards modeling (Yap et al. 2012).
Smokers with asthma compared with non-smokers with asthma are less sensitive to the short-term and medium-term effects of ICS on symptoms and lung function [ 22- 24], suggesting that ICS doses may need to be adjusted to attain asthma control in smokers.
In order to determine the magnitude of the short- or medium-term effects of tobacco use on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of smokers and ex-smokers, and to compare them with the estimated long-term effects reported in other studies, a cross-sectional epidemiological study was designed.
National project co-ordinator of Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change (Pacc) Casper Supa says this Global Environment Facility-funded project deals with medium-term effects of climate change, especially on food security.
Although statins have documented efficacy in reducing clinical events and angiographic disease progression in patients with coronary atherosclerosis, the results of subsequent large prospective clinical trials using different types of statins clearly demonstrate that statins do not have a short-to-medium term effect on prevention of restenosis after successful conventional PTCA.
Although there is consensus that weight loss is associated with an increase in adiponectin and decreased levels of leptin, TNF-α and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) [ 144, 145], studies on the medium-term effects of exercise without concomitant weight loss are limited and produce somewhat inconsistent results [ 146– 146].
However, these studies used a single item to measure self-assessed health and focused on the short- or medium-term effects of screening.
