Dynamics of the magnetotail involves elementary processes of magnetic field merging (reconnection layer formation) occurring on medium spatial scales.
Zebras followed directed movement paths in the lower to medium spatial scales (10 m–3.7 km) and above their visual, and possibly olfactory, range.
Therefore, empirical models still remain the primary tool to simulate the detailed effects of different management options on short-term forest C dynamics [19, 20] at small to medium spatial scales (e.g. from forest stands to countries).
A recommended mesh is identified, which replicates the main morphological and hydrological features of the reference drainage network, and is able to preserve features at small to medium spatial scales (∼80 150 m).
We found that small-scale (100 250-m radius) measures of vegetation were important predictors for hoverflies and bees, and that bats were sensitive to vegetation at a medium spatial-scale (250–500 m).
Based on multiple geo-accumulation indices and correlation and partial redundancy analyses, we examined the spatial patterns of agricultural soil contaminations for As, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni in the Pearl River Delta, South China and their relations with landscape heterogeneity at small, medium and large spatial scales.
The medium and fine spatial scales explained 15.4% and 13.4% for Aymara and 2% and 2.2% for new genus 1, respectively.
Also the particular spatial scales suggested vary — in some studies, the critical scales occur at low spatial frequency range (≈1 cpd) [10], [19] and in others, at medium spatial frequency range (1.5 5 cpd) [20].
These patterns may reflect that species with medium sized foraging ranges are most affected by fragmentation of foraging habitat, because colony size reflects the spatial scale at which bumble bees utilize resources.
