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The associated R2 value was 0.31, indicating that offender connectivity had a medium sized effect on offending rates.
The main result shows that family bereavement has a clinically significant, medium sized effect on the increase of internalizing problems within 2 years in comparison to non-bereaved adolescents while accounting for pre (loss) internalizing problems.
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In order to detect a medium sized effect (d = 0.5) on BMI [ 63], using a power of.90, a significance level of.05, and being able to test interaction effects between participants with a low, medium, and high level of education, about 1,000 participants need to complete the study.
However, these small to medium sized effects [ 33], were based on only 3 studies with 254 patients, and 2 studies with 103 patients randomised respectively.
While the difference in their scores was statistically significant, the effect size (d = 0.4) reflected only a medium-size effect of item context on students' application of scientific explanations for natural selection.
The analysis found that psychosocial interventions had medium-size effects on both pain severity and interference, and suggested that such interventions should be a part of a multimodal approach to the management of pain in patients with cancer [ 16].
20 A third study used a no intervention control, and found small to medium sized positive effects on self reported activity, which were significant for continuous (frequency of exercise sessions) but not dichotomous data (proportion of participants who had become more active from study entry).
Self-help interventions had, on average, a small-to-medium-sized effect on overall symptoms (d+ = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.48).
Nicotine had a small- to medium-sized effect on subjective appetite and significantly altered food cue reactivity in a region sensitive to caloric intake that extended from the right hypothalamus to the basal ganglia.
Sub-analyses revealed that self-help interventions had a small-to-medium-sized effect on positive symptoms (d+ = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.72), a small-to-medium-sized effect on negative symptoms (d+ = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.66), and a small-sized effect on outcomes associated with the symptoms of psychosis such as quality of life (d+ = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.24).
Moreover, in a meta-analysis of two OCD studies representing the net contribution of exposure in vivo, we found moderate evidence of a medium-sized effect on work-related outcome.
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